Conference abstract

TB/ HIV prevalence and treatment outcome in Kunene Region 2014-2016

Pan African Medical Journal - Conference Proceedings. 2017:3(5).13 Oct 2017.
doi: 10.11604/pamj-cp.2017.3.5.111
Archived on: 13 Oct 2017
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Keywords: Tuberculosis, people living with HIV, electronic TB register data
Oral presentation

TB/ HIV prevalence and treatment outcome in Kunene Region 2014-2016

Helena Hakwenye1, Kofi Nyarko1,&

1Namibia Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Namibia

&Corresponding author
Kofi Nyarko, Namibia Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Namibia

Abstract

Introduction: tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It usually affects the lungs but can also affect other body parts. People living with HIV (PLHIV) are at high risk of developing TB. In 2015 about 1.4 million people died of TB with additional 0.4 million deaths resulting from TB disease among PLHIV. Namibia is one of the top 10 countries globally with the highest estimated TB/HIV incidence rate. The incidence of TB in Namibia was estimated to be 489/100000 in 2015 of which 40% of TB patients were HIV positive.

Methods: we conducted a descriptive retrospective analysis of TB data in Kunene Region. We reviewed regional Electronic Tuberculosis Register data for the period of January, 2014 - June, 2016. We analyzed the data using Epi-Info and generated frequencies and proportion. Chi-square test of association were determined at p-value < 0.05.

Results: a total of 986 TB cases were reported in Kunene Region during the study period of which 330 (33.5%) were PLHIV. Most TB 345 (35%) cases were reported in 2015.More males (56%) reported with TB, but females were preponderant in the age group of 05-14 to 35-44 (p-value = 0.0082). The regional TB treatment success rate was 80.2%, high in HIV negative TB patients (85%) than HIV positive TB patients (72.5%) (P-value = 0.0001). The treatment success rate was high in Female (82%) than male (79%) (P-value = 0.3124). High death rate was recorded among PLHIV with 15% compared to HIV negative patients with 6% (p-value = 0.0001). The TB rate in Kunene Region is 104 per 10000 population with Opuwo district having the lowest risk with only 81 cases per 10000 whereas Outjo and Khorixas districts each had the highest risk with 140 cases per 10000 population. The death rate among TB patients in Kunene was 9%. All TB/HIV patients have started co-trimoxazole prevention therapy, and 93% were on antiretroviral therapy.

Conclusion: the treatment success rate of TB/HIV patients need to be improved. We recommend cross monitoring to TB/HIV patients and more health education in Khorixas and Outjo Districts.