Conference abstract
Diarrheal diseases and household sanitary practices in Kakuuto County, Rakai District, Uganda, 2016
Pan African Medical Journal - Conference Proceedings. 2017:6(13).20
Dec 2017.
doi: 10.11604/pamj-cp.2017.6.13.495
Archived on: 20 Dec 2017
Contact the corresponding author
Keywords: Diarrheal diseases, household, Uganda
Plenary
Diarrheal diseases and household sanitary practices in Kakuuto County, Rakai District, Uganda, 2016
Richardson Mafigiri1,&, Alex Riolexus Ario1, Federick Makumbi2
1Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program, Kampala, Uganda, 2Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
&Corresponding author
Richardson Mafigiri, Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program, Kampala, Uganda
Introduction: limited data about population attributable fraction (PAF) due to the household sanitary practices associated with diarrheal diseases among children U5. This study assessed household sanitary practices associated with diarrheal diseases among U5 and suggested suitable interventions to direct policy to enhance decline in burden of diarrheal diseases among children U5 year in Kakuuto County.
Methods: we conducted a community based case control study in a ratio of 1:5 case and controls. Cases were mothers or guardians with an under-five child who had diarrheal disease and controls were mothers or guardians with a child under five years who did not develop diarrhoeal disease between April 1, 2014 and March 31, 2016 in Kakuuto County. Controls were randomly picked from the neighboring households which had a child < 5 years of age. We matched cases and controls by age and villages of residence. Trained VHTs identified households with children that were recruited in the study. Data were collected on respondent’s demographic characteristics and household sanitary practices and child health. Direct observation was also made. We conducted univariate and bivariate analysis. Population attributable fraction (PAF) was calculated as percentages and the proportion of U5 diarrheal diseases attributable to risk factor of interest were approximated.
Results: majority 89% of households had a latrine. The proportion of cases that washed hands after visiting latrine was 46% compared to 43.1% of controls; 52% of cases used soap to wash compared to 61% of controls. 28% of cases compared to 18% of controls spent between 30 minutes and one hour to fetch water. Factors that were significantly associated with diarrheal diseases among children U5 were: no latrine in a household aOR = 48 (95% CI, 2.9 - 309); never wash hands after visiting latrine aOR = 24 (95% CI, 1.4 - 405); sweeping of compound once in a week, aOR = 5.3 (95% CI, 1.03 - 27) or twice a week, aOR = 3.8 (95% CI, 1.03 - 14); and spending 30 minutes to one hour fetching water from water source, aOR = 6 (95% CI, 1.1 - 31). PAF due to sanitary practices in Kakuuto County were, 36.2% of all cases among children U5 were attributable to irregular wash of hands after visiting latrine, 33.4% were attributable to taking between 30 and 60 minutes fetching water, 26% was attributable to never wash hands after visiting latrine, 18.2% was attributable to irregular sweeping of the compound and least 7.8% was attributable to lack of latrine in household.
Conclusion: diarrheal diseases among children under five years of age in Kakuuto County are caused by not washing hand after visiting latrine, spending a lot of time fetching water and lack of latrine in households.
