Conference abstract
One-health approach to rabies exposure surveillance within Ogun State, Nigeria: evidence of a limited collaboration between human and veterinary services
Pan African Medical Journal - Conference Proceedings. 2019:10(25).10
Jun 2019.
doi: 10.11604/pamj-cp.2019.10.25.827
Archived on: 10 Jun 2019
Contact the corresponding author
Keywords: Dog bite victims, epidemiology, One Health Collaboration, rabies surveillance
Poster
One-health approach to rabies exposure surveillance within Ogun State, Nigeria: evidence of a limited collaboration between human and veterinary services
Philip Mshelbwala1,2,&, Olufunmilayo Adegbite3, Oluyomi Bamiselu4, Irene Esu3, Ismaila Shinkafi3, Bola Adeyemi3, Ogechi Njoku1, Charles Amakoh1, Emmanuel Akeba5, Aisha Onatunde5, Sophie Druelles6, Olufunmilayo Sanni-Adeniyi1,3,Dotun Shorunke5, Ayotunde Fasunla1,7, Babasola Olugasa1,2, Albert Ogunkoya1,2
1Centre for Control and Prevention of Zoonoses, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2Society for Rabies in West Africa, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, 3Federal Ministry of Health, Federal Secretariat, Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria, 4Epidemiology Department, Ministry of Health, State Secretariat, Abeokuta, Ogun State, 5Veterinary Services Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria, 6Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France, 7Department of Otorhynolaryngology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
&Corresponding author
Philip Mshelbwala, Centre for Control and Prevention of Zoonoses, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, 101 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Introduction: rabies elimination is considered to be a typical one-health challenge which requires concerted epidemiologic surveillance efforts. The dearth of accurate data to establish the true epidemiological profile of rabies in Nigeria necessitates a retrospective study of dog bite incidence and the consequences of such bites on human subjects in a southwest State of Nigeria.
Methods: a 5-year (January 2013 to December 2017) retrospective study in Ogun State was conducted using case review of dog bite victims (DBVs) presented for treatment in 15 randomly selected human health facilities and veterinary clinical records (VCRs) during August 2018. A descriptive and categorical analysis of age, gender and rabies status of human-dog victim pairs were determined.
Results: a total of 318 DBVs were presented at the human hospitals, mostly children (< 10 years old, n = 85, 26.7%), individuals 11 – 20 years of age (n = 72, 22.6%) to elders above 76 years old (n = 3, 0.94%). Two (8.8%, males > 56 years old) of the DBVs showed clinical signs of rabies at the time of presentation. In all, 178 (56%) DBVs were male and 140 (44%) were female, a ratio of 1:1.27. No records of the corresponding offending dogs were available at the VCRs. Likewise no records to show whether DBVs were asked to present offending dogs for observation and testing.
Conclusion: the absence of corresponding records of offending dogs in humans bitten by dogs indicates limited level of one-health collaboration in rabies exposure surveillance and control activities in Ogun State during 2013-2017. This finding could play a major role in planning for the improvement of one-health collaboration in rabies epidemiological surveillance in Ogun State, Nigeria.
