Nigeria CDC/Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme 2^nd Annual Scientific Conference (Abuja, 2017)

Prevalence of Buruli ulcer in Osun State, Nigeria, 2016 - 2017

Pan African Medical Journal - Conference Proceedings. 2018:8(63).09 Apr 2018.
doi: 10.11604/pamj-cp.2018.8.63.645

Archived on: 09 Apr 2018

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Keywords: Buruli ulcer, prevalence, epidemiologic characteristics, neglected

Opening ceremony

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Prevalence of Buruli ulcer in Osun State, Nigeria, 2016 - 2017

Oluyemi Aduke Ogundun^1,&, John Ojo¹, Olusola Abioye¹, Folasade Bamidele¹, Deji Gbadamosi², Adebobola Bashorun¹, Muhammad Balogun¹, Elizabeth Adedire¹, Adeleye Adeomi³

¹Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, Abuja, Nigeria, ²Tuberculosis and Leprosy Unit, Ministry of Health, Osun State, Nigeria, ³Department of Community Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria

^&Corresponding author
Oluyemi Aduke Ogundun, Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, Asokoro, Abuja, Nigeria

Abstract

Introduction: Buruli ulcer (BU) is a chronic debilitating, neglected but treatable tropical diseases caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. Globally, it is the third most common mycobacterial infection in humans after tuberculosis and leprosy. There is paucity of data on the burden of BU in Nigeria. This study aimed to assess the magnitude and distribution of BU in Osun State, Nigeria.

Methods: we conducted a retrospective data review on BU active case search in six Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Osun State in the South-Western part of Nigeria from March 2016 to February 2017. The data were extracted from Global Leprosy Relief Association supported Nigeria BU project. We obtained information on age, sex, LGA, duration of illness, number, location and size of lesion using data collection proforma and descriptive analysis was done with SPSS version 20.

Results: there were a total of 36 cases of BU in a total population of 1,090,743; giving a crude prevalence of 3.3/100,000. Olorunda LGA has the highest (6.6/100,000) and Odo-Otin LGA with the least prevalence of (0.5/100,000). The mean age of the patients was 37.1 ± 20.8 years, the mean duration of illness was 63.85 ± 53.25 months, and majority 20 (55.6%) were females. Majority of the cases 29 (80.5%) consulted both traditional homes and hospitals for treatment. Commonest site (88.9%) of lesion was the lower limb and 7 (19.5%) of cases had more than one lesion. The clinical form of lesion for 28 (77.8%) of the cases was ulcers and 21 (58.3%) of them were positive for AFB. More than half (55.6%) had lesions ≤ 5cm in size (Category I), 14(38.9%) had lesion 6 - 15cm in size (Category II) while 2 (5.5%) had lesion ≥ 15cm in size (Category III lesion). Half (18) of the total cases presented with limitation of movement at diagnosis.

Conclusion: BU is still prevalent in Nigeria, as seen in Osun State. There is need to carry out a nation-wide survey to identify the endemic areas, and scale up control programme to cover all the LGAs in the state and the country.