Conference abstract
Trend of measles in Kano State: a secondary data analysis: 2012 - 2016
Pan African Medical Journal - Conference Proceedings. 2018:8(68).09
Apr 2018.
doi: 10.11604/pamj-cp.2018.8.68.650
Archived on: 09 Apr 2018
Contact the corresponding author
Keywords: Measles, trend, Kano State, immunization
Opening ceremony
Trend of measles in Kano State: a secondary data analysis: 2012 - 2016
Mukhtar Muhammad Abdulaziz1,2,&, Nura Karaye3, Imam Bello3, Mahmood Dalhat1, Abisola Oladimeji1, Adebola Olayinka1,2
1Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, Abuja, Nigeria, 2Department of Medical Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, 3Epidemiology Unit, Kano State Ministry of Health, Nigeria
&Corresponding author
Mukhtar Muhammad Abdulaziz, Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training
Programme, Abuja, Nigeria
Introduction: measles is a highly contagious infection and a leading cause of vaccine-preventable childhood mortality. It is being targeted for elimination in at least five WHO regions by the year 2020. We reviewed secondary data on suspected measles cases reported to the Kano State Ministry of Health to describe the epidemiology and trend of measles in the state.
Methods: we reviewed secondary data from 2012 - 2016 collected on the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) platform. We extracted data on age, sex, place of residence, dates of onset, immunization history and confirmation status. Data was cleaned and analyzed to describe the epidemiology in time, place and person using Microsoft excel and Epi info. We describe trends of measles cases to reveal the seasonality and its implication in control activities.
Results: a total of 15,525 suspected cases were documented; 8,010 (51.6%) were males. Overall attack rate was 116/100,000 population, while it was 2.2, 81, 2.1, 20.8 and 20.8/100,000 population for years 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016 respectively. A total of 298 deaths occurred with a case fatality rate of 1.96%. Mortality was higher among Males 174 (58.4%) OR = 1.32 (1.05 - 1.66), the unvaccinated 146 (61.7%) OR = 0.34 (0.26 - 0.45) and among those above 1 year of age 249 (84.4%) OR = 0.71 (0.52 - 0.98). One hundred and forty-seven 147 (1.0%) cases were confirmed using ELISA for IgM. The median age (IQR) was 24 months (18 - 48 months) with 13,182 (85%) under-five. Only 2,814 (18.1%) were vaccinated for measles. Highest number of cases was reported in Gwale LGA, 1,813 (11.7%), while the highest attack rate was reported in Doguwa LGA 416/100,000 population. Cases were lowest in the months of October to December and rose gradually from January and peak in March.
Conclusion: though large outbreaks still occur; Measles cases are on a downward trend in Kano State. The high number of cases among the under-five age group and with zero (0) doses is not commensurate with the reported high routine immunization (more than 90%) and supplemental immunization activities (SIA) (above 100%) coverage by the state. Studies to identify factors encouraging repeated outbreaks despite high immunization coverage reports are needed to be conducted.
