Conference abstract
Trends and patterns of pertussis morbidity and mortality in Bauchi State, Nigeria: 2011 - 2015
Pan African Medical Journal - Conference Proceedings. 2018:8(70).09
Apr 2018.
doi: 10.11604/pamj-cp.2018.8.70.652
Archived on: 09 Apr 2018
Contact the corresponding author
Keywords: Immunization, pertussis vaccine, vaccination, whooping cough
Opening ceremony
Trends and patterns of pertussis morbidity and mortality in Bauchi State, Nigeria: 2011 - 2015
Garba Mustapha1,&, Adebola Olayinka1, Saheed Gidado1, Muhammad Balogun1, Jibrin Umar2
1Nigerian Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, Abuja, Nigeria, 2Bauchi State Ministry of Health, Nigeria
&Corresponding author
Mustapha Garba, Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, Asokoro, Abuja, Nigeria
Introduction: globally, there are estimated 16 million pertussis cases and about 195,000 deaths occur in children every year. Despite generally high coverage with childhood pertussis vaccines globally, pertussis is one of the leading causes of vaccine-preventable deaths worldwide. Most deaths occur in young babies who are either unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated. In Nigeria national estimate for DPT coverage in 2013 was 38% and state level coverage ranged from 3% - 76% across 20 Northern states. Pentavalent vaccine was the most effective means of preventing Pertussis and is given in three doses at 6 weeks, 10 weeks and 14 weeks of age. We analyzed five-year pertussis morbidity and mortality trend from Bauchi State.
Methods: Bauchi State is situated in the north eastern geopolitical zone having 20 Local Government Areas. We retrieved and analyzed Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) monthly records of pertussis cases and deaths in Bauchi State over a five-year period (2011 - 2015). The IDSR data are collected from health facilities across the state by all the 20 LGA disease surveillance and notification officers routinely, and sent to the state where it is collated, analyzed and sent to the Federal Ministry of Health and other relevant stakeholders. Univariate analysis was carried out using Microsoft office excel to calculate rates.
Results: occurrence of cases of pertussis in Bauchi State decline from an attack rate of 0.025% in 2011 to 0.005% in 2015. Highest number of cases was recorded between the months of October and September. Children age 12 - 59 months were the most affected followed by those aged 5 - 9 years, while neonates were the least affected and it has been observed that all age groups were affected. Pertussis death was only recorded in 2012 (CFR 0.3%) and 2014 (CFR 0.1%) out of the five years under review.
Conclusion: children 12 - 59 months are the most affected age group and pentavalent vaccine coverage is still low, we therefore recommended periodic catch up immunization with pentavalent vaccine to children older than one year of age.
