Conference abstract
Prevalence of hypertension among patients with type 2 diabetes in Dutse, Jigawa State, 2015
Pan African Medical Journal - Conference Proceedings. 2018:8(74).09
Apr 2018.
doi: 10.11604/pamj-cp.2018.8.74.703
Archived on: 09 Apr 2018
Contact the corresponding author
Keywords: Hypertension, type 2 diabetes, glycaemic control, Dutse
Opening ceremony
Prevalence of hypertension among patients with type 2 diabetes in Dutse, Jigawa State, 2015
Shafi’u Dahiru Gumel1,&, Muhammad Balogun1, Patrick Nguku1, Abdullahi Mainasara2, Peter Anaja3, Abdulmumini Yakubu2, Haruna Yeldu4, Badamasi Musa5, Halliru Hassan6
1Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, Abuja, Nigeria, 2College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfadioyo University (UDU), Sokoto, Nigeria, 3Faculty of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria-Nigeria, 4Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, UDU, Sokoto, 5State Primary Healthcare Development Agency, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria, 6Faculty of Basic Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano
&Corresponding author
Shafi’u Dahiru Gumel, Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, Asokoro, Abuja, Nigeria
Introduction: preventing complications is of paramount importance in the management of patient diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. High blood pressure (hypertension) is a risk factor for various diabetic complications. About 22 percent of the world population suffered from hypertension. In 2014, Africa has the highest prevalence of hypertension (30% for both sexes). The American Diabetes Association describe the combination of hypertension and type 2 diabetes as a lethal condition that increases person’s risk of having a heart attack or stroke. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension among patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: we conducted a cross sectional study followed by a case-control study. For the cross sectional study, 385 type 2 diabetic patients attending Rasheed Shekoni Specialist Hospital, Dutse, were enrolled. For the case-control study, 80 patients were gender-matched with 80 controls. Probability sampling technique was used. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured. Multivariate analysis was done with confidence interval set at 95%.
Results: thirty five percent of the studied diabetics were hypertensive while only 23.75% of the controls were hypertensive. Mean FBG for the diabetic and control subjects were 9.32 and 4.18 mmol/L respectively. There was statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the mean systolic blood pressure of the diabetics (129mmHg) and that of the controls (121mmHg). Risk of being hypertensive was higher among the diabetics compared to the controls {OR = 1.7 (0.9 - 3.4)}. Age is effect modifier of this association (X2 = 4.1, p < 0.05). There was however, no evidence of effect modification by the length of the disease (diabetic duration) (p > 0.05). Furthermore, the risk of being hypertensive among the diabetic subject with poor glycaemic control was 1.4 times higher compared to that of those with good glycaemic control.
Conclusion: one third of the diabetic patients in North-western Nigeria is hypertensive. A vigilant blood pressure check, coupled with efficient glycaemic control is therefore important in management of type 2 diabetic patient especially in those that are above forty years of age.
