Conference abstract

Effects of weight loss and beneficial on insulin secretion and sensitivity in obese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients from Cameroon origin

Pan African Medical Journal - Conference Proceedings. 2021:11(26).30 Jan 2021.
doi: 10.11604/pamj-cp.2021.11.26.952
Archived on: 30 Jan 2021
Contact the corresponding author
Keywords: Weight loss, T2DM, insulin secretion, insulin resistance
Poster

Effects of weight loss and beneficial on insulin secretion and sensitivity in obese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients from Cameroon origin

Eric Noel Djahmeni1,2,&, Magellan Guewo-Fokeng2,3, Eric Lontchi-Yimagou2,3, Crista Tabi1, Claudia Abeng1, Raicha Namba1, Estelle Well1, Mesmin Dehayem1, Jean Claude Mbanya1,2,4, Eugene Sobngwi1,2,4

1National Obesity Center, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon, 2Laboratory for Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon, 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon, 4Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon

&Corresponding author

Introduction: this study is aimed at evaluating the effect of weight loss on glycaemic, lipid profile, insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in obese, T2DM patients. Methods: we carried out a non-randomized single-arm clinical trial at the National Obesity Centre of the Yaounde Central Hospital. The study population consisted of 20 obese T2DM patients. They were all placed on a hypocaloric-hypolipidemic regimen over a six-week period. Glycemic profile, insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion using the 2h-Oral Glucose Tolerance Test were assessed before and after the intervention. In addition, follow-up visits were done every week to assess weight loss patterns and record complaints from participants. Results: twenty (20) participants were enrolled (14 females and 6 males) with a median age of 56 (25-75) years, diabetes duration of at least 2 years and a median BMI of 34.03 Kg/m2. Out of the 20 participants, 10 were on insulin and 15 on biguanide. After the intervention, we observed a significant improvement in insulin secretion evaluated using the AUC of serum C-peptide concentration from 0.8 (0.6-1.1) nmol/l/120 minutes before the intervention to 1.8 (1.4-2.1) nmol/l/120 minutes after (p<0.01). Also, insulin sensitivity assessed using QUICKI improved from 0.56 (0.49-0.59) before the intervention to 0.60 (0.54-0.63) after (p= 0.015) after caloric restriction. Conclusion: diet control in obese, type 2 diabetes mellitus patients induces a 5.0 ± 1% weight loss with beneficial effects on glycaemic and lipid profile, insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity.