Conference abstract
The contribution of ambulatory blood pressure measurement in the diagnosis of hypertension in a rural setting in Cameroon
Pan African Medical Journal - Conference Proceedings. 2023:17(13).04
Jun 2023.
doi: 10.11604/pamj-cp.2023.17.13.1654
Archived on: 04 Jun 2023
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Keywords: Clinic blood pressure measurement, ambulatory blood pressure measurement, diagnostic accuracy, rural setting, Cameroon
Oral presentation
The contribution of ambulatory blood pressure measurement in the diagnosis of hypertension in a rural setting in Cameroon
Alain Menanga1,2, Jérôme Boombhi1,2,&, Daryl Tekam1, Andy Tchouanlong1, Joseph Kamgno1, Samuel Kingué1,2
1Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon, 2Cardiology Unit, General Hospital of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
&Corresponding author
Introduction: hypertension is a growing public health problem in developing countries, hence the importance of proper diagnosis. The clinic blood pressure measurement used as a diagnostic tool may result in many errors by excess (white coat hypertension) and by default (masked hypertension). The use of ambulatory blood pressure measurement (ABPM) could overcome these shortcomings. The objective of our study was to assess the contribution of ABPM in the diagnosis of hypertension in a rural setting in Cameroon. Methods: we conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study with systematic randomization from lists of volunteers identified in the Mfou Health District from February to April 2020. All included participants underwent clinic blood pressure measurement to identify the prevalence of hypertension. Subsequently, we conducted a nested case-control study of 60 participants from the initial sample in whom we performed ABPM. On the basis of the 2 diagnostic tests, participants were classified as sustained hypertensive, masked hypertensive, "white coat" hypertensive, or true normotensive. Results: The sample consisted of 381 participants. The median age was 48 [35 - 61] years and 51.4 % were women. The prevalence of hypertension using the clinic blood pressure measurement was 41.73 %. Age ≥ 60 years (ORa = 6.2), past history of diabetes (ORa = 4.2), male sex (ORa = 2.5), and measurement of fasting blood glucose ≥ 1.26 g/l (ORa= 2.1) were factors significantly associated with hypertension. The sensitivity and specificity of the clinic blood pressure measurement was 69.23 % and 85.71 %, respectively. The proportion of “white coat” hypertension was 5% and we found masked hypertension in 20 %. Conclusion: hypertension affected approximately two out of five adults in the Mfou Health District. The use of ABPM led to an improvement in the diagnostic accuracy of hypertension.
The contribution of ambulatory blood pressure measurement in the diagnosis of hypertension in a rural setting in Cameroon
Alain Menanga1,2, Jérôme Boombhi1,2,&, Daryl Tekam1, Andy Tchouanlong1, Joseph Kamgno1, Samuel Kingué1,2
1Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon, 2Cardiology Unit, General Hospital of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
&Corresponding author
Introduction: hypertension is a growing public health problem in developing countries, hence the importance of proper diagnosis. The clinic blood pressure measurement used as a diagnostic tool may result in many errors by excess (white coat hypertension) and by default (masked hypertension). The use of ambulatory blood pressure measurement (ABPM) could overcome these shortcomings. The objective of our study was to assess the contribution of ABPM in the diagnosis of hypertension in a rural setting in Cameroon. Methods: we conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study with systematic randomization from lists of volunteers identified in the Mfou Health District from February to April 2020. All included participants underwent clinic blood pressure measurement to identify the prevalence of hypertension. Subsequently, we conducted a nested case-control study of 60 participants from the initial sample in whom we performed ABPM. On the basis of the 2 diagnostic tests, participants were classified as sustained hypertensive, masked hypertensive, "white coat" hypertensive, or true normotensive. Results: The sample consisted of 381 participants. The median age was 48 [35 - 61] years and 51.4 % were women. The prevalence of hypertension using the clinic blood pressure measurement was 41.73 %. Age ≥ 60 years (ORa = 6.2), past history of diabetes (ORa = 4.2), male sex (ORa = 2.5), and measurement of fasting blood glucose ≥ 1.26 g/l (ORa= 2.1) were factors significantly associated with hypertension. The sensitivity and specificity of the clinic blood pressure measurement was 69.23 % and 85.71 %, respectively. The proportion of “white coat” hypertension was 5% and we found masked hypertension in 20 %. Conclusion: hypertension affected approximately two out of five adults in the Mfou Health District. The use of ABPM led to an improvement in the diagnostic accuracy of hypertension.
