Conference abstract
Cotrimoxazole resistance profile of bacterial strains isolated from urine samples in children born to HIV positive mothers compared to HIV-non-exposed children
Pan African Medical Journal - Conference Proceedings. 2023:18(62).03
Oct 2023.
doi: 10.11604/pamj-cp.2023.18.62.2011
Archived on: 03 Oct 2023
Contact the corresponding author
Keywords: HIV, cotrimoxazole, bacteria resistance
Poster
Cotrimoxazole resistance profile of bacterial strains isolated from urine samples in children born to HIV positive mothers compared to HIV-non-exposed children
Blandine Nkenfou Kampa1,&, Hortense Gonsu Kamga2, Celine Nkenfou3, Michel Kengne4, Erve Martial Kuemkon5
1University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon, 2Yaounde University Teaching Hospital Institution, Yaounde, Cameroon, 3Fondation Chantal Biya, Yaounde, Cameroun, 4International Research Center, Yaounde, Cameroon, 5Centre Hospitalier Claudine Echernier, Chavanod, France
&Corresponding author
Introduction: the WHO has implemented the systematical administration of cotrimoxazole to children born to HIV women. This has as a result to limit, more so, to suppress the apparition of opportunistic infections. On the other hand, the intake of antibiotics without any antibiogram is a favoring factor for the apparition of resistance. We determined the cotrimoxazole-resistant profile of bacteria strains isolated from urinary samples in children born to HIV-positive mothers.
Methods: a quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 on 137 participants at the Yaounde Gynaeco- Obstetrical and Pediatric Hospital (YGOPH), with the suspicion of a urinary tract infection. We had 2 group studies: those under cotrimoxazole prophylaxis and those not. Chemical and bacteriological tests were carried out on each urine sample, following good laboratory procedures. The data collected was compiled and analysed using statistical methods.
Results: our study population included 137 participants under the age of 15 years. Of these, 98 were not on prophylaxis and the remaining 39 were under cotrimoxazole prophylaxis. We recorded resistance to cotrimoxazole of 77% in group 1 and 84% in group 2. The bacteria strains mainly isolated were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia (70% and 30% in group 1 and 69% and 31% in group 2 respectively). These strains were resistant to more than 70% of the antibiotics tested (amikacin, amoxicillin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, gentamicin, imipenem, tetracycline, tobramycin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, aztreonam, and cotrimoxazole).
Conclusion: it emerges from this study that cotrimoxazole is no longer effective in the treatment of urinary tract infections in our population study and the appropriate molecules were ciprofloxacin, imipenem, and ceftriaxone. This study shows that despite the use of cotrimoxazole as prophylactic, UTI still occurred in HIV-infected children, with a global prevalence of almost four-fifths resistance to cotrimoxazole and almost three-quarter multi-resistance to other antibiotics.
Cotrimoxazole resistance profile of bacterial strains isolated from urine samples in children born to HIV positive mothers compared to HIV-non-exposed children
Blandine Nkenfou Kampa1,&, Hortense Gonsu Kamga2, Celine Nkenfou3, Michel Kengne4, Erve Martial Kuemkon5
1University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon, 2Yaounde University Teaching Hospital Institution, Yaounde, Cameroon, 3Fondation Chantal Biya, Yaounde, Cameroun, 4International Research Center, Yaounde, Cameroon, 5Centre Hospitalier Claudine Echernier, Chavanod, France
&Corresponding author
Introduction: the WHO has implemented the systematical administration of cotrimoxazole to children born to HIV women. This has as a result to limit, more so, to suppress the apparition of opportunistic infections. On the other hand, the intake of antibiotics without any antibiogram is a favoring factor for the apparition of resistance. We determined the cotrimoxazole-resistant profile of bacteria strains isolated from urinary samples in children born to HIV-positive mothers.
Methods: a quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 on 137 participants at the Yaounde Gynaeco- Obstetrical and Pediatric Hospital (YGOPH), with the suspicion of a urinary tract infection. We had 2 group studies: those under cotrimoxazole prophylaxis and those not. Chemical and bacteriological tests were carried out on each urine sample, following good laboratory procedures. The data collected was compiled and analysed using statistical methods.
Results: our study population included 137 participants under the age of 15 years. Of these, 98 were not on prophylaxis and the remaining 39 were under cotrimoxazole prophylaxis. We recorded resistance to cotrimoxazole of 77% in group 1 and 84% in group 2. The bacteria strains mainly isolated were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia (70% and 30% in group 1 and 69% and 31% in group 2 respectively). These strains were resistant to more than 70% of the antibiotics tested (amikacin, amoxicillin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, gentamicin, imipenem, tetracycline, tobramycin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, aztreonam, and cotrimoxazole).
Conclusion: it emerges from this study that cotrimoxazole is no longer effective in the treatment of urinary tract infections in our population study and the appropriate molecules were ciprofloxacin, imipenem, and ceftriaxone. This study shows that despite the use of cotrimoxazole as prophylactic, UTI still occurred in HIV-infected children, with a global prevalence of almost four-fifths resistance to cotrimoxazole and almost three-quarter multi-resistance to other antibiotics.
