Conference abstract
Assessing risk factors and route of transmission of extended spectrum beta-lactamase Escherichia coli and urea negative enterobacteria of oranges and eggs in five markets, Cameroon
Pan African Medical Journal - Conference Proceedings. 2023:18(74).03
Oct 2023.
doi: 10.11604/pamj-cp.2023.18.74.2028
Archived on: 03 Oct 2023
Contact the corresponding author
Keywords: Oranges, eggs, antimicrobial resistance, foodchain, Enterobacteria
Poster
Assessing risk factors and route of transmission of extended spectrum beta-lactamase Escherichia coli and urea negative enterobacteria of oranges and eggs in five markets, Cameroon
Nchotebah Nembuany Maurice1,2,&, Takemegni Wandji Jonas Merlin1,2, Awung Nkeza1,2, Gnekou Ngomseu Ulrich Francine2, Assob Nguedia Jules Clément1,2,3
1Faculty of science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon, 2Departement de Technologies de Laboratoire Médical, Institut Universitaire et Stratégique de l´Estuaire, Douala, Douala, Cameroun, 3Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Pharmaceutique de l'Université de Douala, Douala, Cameroun
&Corresponding author
Introduction: in Cameroon, studies to assess one health approach and effective interventions to reduce antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are limited and no national policy on surveillance, prevention, and management of this problem has been adopted. Moreover, E. coli was the most common isolated Enterobacteria and revealed multidrug resistance (MDR) rates of 47.1%. The objective was to evaluate the risk factors and correlation route transmission of isolated ESBL-E. coli’s and Urea Negative Enterobacteria in oranges and eggs in five markets, Cameroon
Methods: a cross-sectional study was carried out from May to June 2022 in four markets (Central, Ndokoti, Village, and Sandaga) in the Wouri Division and one market in Buea Division of Cameroon; A total of 84 samples (46 oranges and 38 eggs) were collected corresponding to 84 vendors who were administered a comprehensive questionnaire. Urea Negative Enterobacteria were cultured on MacConkey medium supplemented with 4µg/mL cefotaxime (CTX) to select the Enterobacteriaceae resistant to the third-generation cephalosporins (3GC) and identified using API 20E. Data was entered into Excel and imported into SPSS v.21 for statistical analysis.
Results: sixteen (16) urea-negative Enterobacteria were isolated giving a global prevalence of 19%. Bivariate analysis showed the following risk factors for Urea Negative Enterobacteria: ≤ 2 adults; p=0.169, OR=3.15 95% CI (0.6-16.15); suburban p=0.832, OR=1.13 95% CI (0.38-3.35) and head per room (2 persons in a room) p=0.685, OR=1.3 95% CI (0.37-4.61); household income-30000-100000, (p=0.389 OR=0.37(0.04-3.54)) as being relatively not significant risk factors as there was no association.
Conclusion: the prevalence was higher for Enterobacter cloacae and in peeled oranges and unshell-boiled eggs. The risk factors identified were: age, area of residence; sample type; household composition; and head per room. Findings highlight the unsafety consumption of oranges and boiled eggs in Douala and Tiko, Cameroon, and the need for further research to determine the mechanisms by which microbial contamination occurs and the extent of microbiological contaminations in the food chain, therefore, is a public health concern.
Assessing risk factors and route of transmission of extended spectrum beta-lactamase Escherichia coli and urea negative enterobacteria of oranges and eggs in five markets, Cameroon
Nchotebah Nembuany Maurice1,2,&, Takemegni Wandji Jonas Merlin1,2, Awung Nkeza1,2, Gnekou Ngomseu Ulrich Francine2, Assob Nguedia Jules Clément1,2,3
1Faculty of science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon, 2Departement de Technologies de Laboratoire Médical, Institut Universitaire et Stratégique de l´Estuaire, Douala, Douala, Cameroun, 3Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Pharmaceutique de l'Université de Douala, Douala, Cameroun
&Corresponding author
Introduction: in Cameroon, studies to assess one health approach and effective interventions to reduce antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are limited and no national policy on surveillance, prevention, and management of this problem has been adopted. Moreover, E. coli was the most common isolated Enterobacteria and revealed multidrug resistance (MDR) rates of 47.1%. The objective was to evaluate the risk factors and correlation route transmission of isolated ESBL-E. coli’s and Urea Negative Enterobacteria in oranges and eggs in five markets, Cameroon
Methods: a cross-sectional study was carried out from May to June 2022 in four markets (Central, Ndokoti, Village, and Sandaga) in the Wouri Division and one market in Buea Division of Cameroon; A total of 84 samples (46 oranges and 38 eggs) were collected corresponding to 84 vendors who were administered a comprehensive questionnaire. Urea Negative Enterobacteria were cultured on MacConkey medium supplemented with 4µg/mL cefotaxime (CTX) to select the Enterobacteriaceae resistant to the third-generation cephalosporins (3GC) and identified using API 20E. Data was entered into Excel and imported into SPSS v.21 for statistical analysis.
Results: sixteen (16) urea-negative Enterobacteria were isolated giving a global prevalence of 19%. Bivariate analysis showed the following risk factors for Urea Negative Enterobacteria: ≤ 2 adults; p=0.169, OR=3.15 95% CI (0.6-16.15); suburban p=0.832, OR=1.13 95% CI (0.38-3.35) and head per room (2 persons in a room) p=0.685, OR=1.3 95% CI (0.37-4.61); household income-30000-100000, (p=0.389 OR=0.37(0.04-3.54)) as being relatively not significant risk factors as there was no association.
Conclusion: the prevalence was higher for Enterobacter cloacae and in peeled oranges and unshell-boiled eggs. The risk factors identified were: age, area of residence; sample type; household composition; and head per room. Findings highlight the unsafety consumption of oranges and boiled eggs in Douala and Tiko, Cameroon, and the need for further research to determine the mechanisms by which microbial contamination occurs and the extent of microbiological contaminations in the food chain, therefore, is a public health concern.
