Conference abstract
Faecal Carriage of multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales in people living with HIV in Yaoundé, Cameroon
Pan African Medical Journal - Conference Proceedings. 2023:18(99).03
Oct 2023.
doi: 10.11604/pamj-cp.2023.18.99.2194
Archived on: 03 Oct 2023
Contact the corresponding author
Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, Enterobacterales, HIV, ESBLs, microbiome
Oral presentation
Faecal Carriage of multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales in people living with HIV in Yaoundé, Cameroon
Dimani Vougueing Brice Davy1,&, Raspail Carrel Founou1, Jessica Ravanola Zemtsa1, Aurelia Mbossi1, Patrice Landry Koudoum1, Luria Leslie Founou1, Lucien Honoré Etame Sone2
1Centre of Expertise and Biological Diagnostic of Cameroon (CEDBCAM-RI), Yaounde, Cameroon, 2Ministère de la Recherche Scientifique et de l'Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroun
&Corresponding author
Introduction: antibiotic resistance (ABR) is a global health issue with multidimensional repercussions. There is a paucity of data regarding the molecular epidemiology of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extended-spectrum-ß-lactamase-producing-Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) in Africa, especially among people living with HIV (PLHIV). This study aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and phenotypic and genotypic profiles of MDR-E and ESBL-PE isolated from PLHIV in Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Methods: a total of 185 PLHIV were enrolled and collected during three months (April-June 2021) at the Yaounde Central Hospital. Stool and rectal swabs were collected and cultured on Mac Conkey agar. The API 20E kit was used for the phenotypic identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer method. The ß-lactamase genes were investigated using PCR and ERIC-PCR was used to assess the genotypic relatedness of the isolates.
Results: an 81% prevalence of MDR-E was obtained from the participants of which 39% were also ESBL-PE. A high level of resistance to fosfomycin (89%), chloramphenicol (63%), and gentamicin (56%) were observed. E. coli was the predominant MDR-non-ESBL (80.8%) and MDR-ESBL-PE (73.77%). The principal ß-lactamases genes in MDR-non-ESBL and MDR-ESBL-PE were blaTEM (62.90%) and blaCTX-M (40.86%), respectively. Genetic fingerprinting revealed high genetic relatedness among E. coli isolates.
Conclusion: this study shows a high prevalence of MDR-E and ESBL-PE in the gut of PLHIV in Yaoundé, with blaTEM and blaCTX-M being the most prevalent. It demonstrates the need to strengthen real-time surveillance of these resistant bacteria to improve the management of infection among PLHIV.
Faecal Carriage of multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales in people living with HIV in Yaoundé, Cameroon
Dimani Vougueing Brice Davy1,&, Raspail Carrel Founou1, Jessica Ravanola Zemtsa1, Aurelia Mbossi1, Patrice Landry Koudoum1, Luria Leslie Founou1, Lucien Honoré Etame Sone2
1Centre of Expertise and Biological Diagnostic of Cameroon (CEDBCAM-RI), Yaounde, Cameroon, 2Ministère de la Recherche Scientifique et de l'Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroun
&Corresponding author
Introduction: antibiotic resistance (ABR) is a global health issue with multidimensional repercussions. There is a paucity of data regarding the molecular epidemiology of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extended-spectrum-ß-lactamase-producing-Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) in Africa, especially among people living with HIV (PLHIV). This study aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and phenotypic and genotypic profiles of MDR-E and ESBL-PE isolated from PLHIV in Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Methods: a total of 185 PLHIV were enrolled and collected during three months (April-June 2021) at the Yaounde Central Hospital. Stool and rectal swabs were collected and cultured on Mac Conkey agar. The API 20E kit was used for the phenotypic identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer method. The ß-lactamase genes were investigated using PCR and ERIC-PCR was used to assess the genotypic relatedness of the isolates.
Results: an 81% prevalence of MDR-E was obtained from the participants of which 39% were also ESBL-PE. A high level of resistance to fosfomycin (89%), chloramphenicol (63%), and gentamicin (56%) were observed. E. coli was the predominant MDR-non-ESBL (80.8%) and MDR-ESBL-PE (73.77%). The principal ß-lactamases genes in MDR-non-ESBL and MDR-ESBL-PE were blaTEM (62.90%) and blaCTX-M (40.86%), respectively. Genetic fingerprinting revealed high genetic relatedness among E. coli isolates.
Conclusion: this study shows a high prevalence of MDR-E and ESBL-PE in the gut of PLHIV in Yaoundé, with blaTEM and blaCTX-M being the most prevalent. It demonstrates the need to strengthen real-time surveillance of these resistant bacteria to improve the management of infection among PLHIV.
